Reflectors are optical devices designed to reflect light or other radiation. This article explains the main types, including mirrors for specular reflection, diffraction gratings, retroreflectors which send light back to its source, and diffuse reflectors which scatter light. An optical module is a typically hot-pluggable optical transceiver used in high-bandwidth data communications applications. Optical modules typically have an electrical interface on the side that connects to the inside of the system and an optical interface on the side that connects to the outside. The working principle of optical modules is illustrated in the diagram shown in the Optical Module Working Principle Diagram. The transmitting interface inputs electrical signals of a certain bit rate, which are then processed by internal driver chips. It also covers more. Reflectance (which has also been called "back reflection" or optical return loss) of a connection is the amount of light that is reflected back up the fiber toward the source by light reflections off the interface of the polished end surface of the mated connectors and air.
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